What does the term 'post-processing' refer to in additive manufacturing?

In additive manufacturing, 'post-processing' specifically refers to the various finishing steps taken after a part has been printed to enhance its quality, appearance, and functionality. This phase is crucial because while additive manufacturing can create complex geometries and intricate designs, the parts often require additional work to achieve the desired specifications and aesthetic qualities.

Post-processing may include processes like sanding to smooth the surface, painting or coating for aesthetics or corrosion resistance, curing to improve material properties, or even machining to achieve tighter tolerances. These steps significantly contribute to the final performance of the part in its intended application, ensuring that it meets industry standards and customer requirements.

The other options do not pertain to the concept of post-processing. The initial design phase of the 3D model is part of the preparation for printing, the layering process is an essential aspect of how additive manufacturing works, and adjusting print parameters is typically part of the setup and optimization before printing begins. Each of these phases is distinct from post-processing, which is focused on the treatment of the final product after it has been created.