What additive manufacturing post-processing operation smooths the surface finish of the part and requires a dust mask and gloves?

The post-processing operation that smooths the surface finish of the part and requires a dust mask and gloves is sanding. Sanding involves the use of abrasive materials to remove surface imperfections and achieve a smoother finish on the part. Due to the dust generated during sanding, it is important to wear a dust mask to protect the respiratory system and gloves to ensure safety from any abrasive materials that could irritate the skin.

While filing can also smooth surfaces, it typically results in more localized adjustments and does not create as much dust as sanding. Polishing is aimed at producing a shiny finish and often involves the application of compounds rather than abrasive particles, making it less relevant to this question. Painting is a finishing technique to add color or protective coating rather than to achieve smoothness, and it generally does not require the same type of personal protective equipment related to dust generation.